Limited intervention measures for childbirth / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

In the clinical work of our country,more and more attention is paid to the people-centered concept. It is more focuses on avoiding excessive intervention and strengthening management of labor course. Interventions that should be limited during childbirth for low-risk spontaneous labour.The limited interventions are including the application of the new parturition process criteria,the use of early amniotomy with early oxytocin augmentation for prevention of delay in labour is not recommended,routine cardiotocography is not recommended,encouraging the adoption of a birth position of the individual woman's choicey,routine episiotomy is not recommend,et al.Itis necessary to manage women and their fetus depending on patients' s situation,and to ensure the safety of mother and child.As well as to reduce excessive intervention,thereby reducing caesarean section rate,ensure that the mother has a good delivery experience,and improve the outcomes of mother and child.

A novel approach based on metabolomics coupled with network pharmacology to explain the effect mechanisms of Danggui Buxue Tang in anaemia / 中国天然药物

Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is a famous Chinese medicinal decoction. Mechanism of DBT action is wide ranging and unclear. Exploring new ways of treatment with DBT is useful. Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups including control (NC, Saline), the DBT (at a dose of 8.10 g), and blood deficiency(BD) (Cyclophosphamide (APH)-andCyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced anaemia). A metabolomics approach using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (LC/Q-TOFMS) was developed to perform the plasma metabolic profiling analysis and differential metaboliteswerescreened according to the multivariate statistical analysiscomparing the NC and BD groups, andthe hub metabolites were outliers with high scores of the centrality indices. Anaemia disease-related protein target and compound of DBT databases were constructed. The TCMSP, ChemMapper and STITCH databases were used to predict the protein targets of DBT. Using the Cytoscape 3.2.1 to establish a phytochemical component-target protein interaction network and establish a component, protein and hub metabolite protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and merging the three PPI networks basing on BisoGenet. The gene enrichment analysis was used to analyse the relationship between proteins based on the relevant genetic similarity by ClueGO. The results shown DBT effectively treated anaemia in vivo. 11 metabolic pathways are involved in the therapeutic effect of DBT in vivo; S-adenosyl-l-methionine, glycine, l-cysteine, arachidonic acid (AA) and phosphatidylcholine(PC) were screened as hub metabolites in APH-and CTX-induced anaemia. A total of 288 targets were identified as major candidates for anaemia progression. The gene-set enrichment analysis revealed that the targets are involved in iron ion binding, haemopoiesis, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation and apoptosis. The results also showed that these targets were associated with iron ion binding, haemopoiesis, ROS production, apoptosis, inflammation and related signalling pathways. DBT can promote iron ion binding and haemopoiesis activities, restrain inflammation, production of reactive oxygen, block apoptosis, and contribute significantly to the DBT treat anaemia.

Sophora alopecuroides ameliorates large intestine dampness-heat syndrome in rats by serum metabolomic approach based on UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS / 药学学报

The Chinese herbal Sophora alopecuroides is widely used to clean intestine and eliminate dampness, and it has good therapeutic effects on treating bacillary dysentery and inflammatory bowel disease, etc. in clinics. However, the mechanism of treatment is not yet well understood. The present study was aimed to explore the mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides treatment of large intestine dampness-heat syndrome (LIDHS). The LIDHS model was performed by the comprehensive factors, including high temperature and humidity environment, high-sugar and high-fat diet, and intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli. The blood routine, serum proinflammatory cytokine levels and histopathological changes of intestine were detected and observed. Meanwhile, the serum metabolomic approach was conducted using the method of ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS). The results showed that Sophora alopecuroides has good therapeutic effects on the LIDHS rat models. After treatment with Sophora alopecuroides, the abnormality of blood routine indexes as well as proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α in vivo, tended to be normal, and the histopathological changes of intestine were improved. Through metabolic profiling and protocol analysis, 9 potential metabolic markers may be closely related with the treatment mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides on this disease, including taurine, L-tryptophan, LysoPE, LysoPC, LPA, DG, chenodeoxycholic acid disulfate, traumatic acid and 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, which were involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis etc. The serum metabolomic approach can be applied to clarify the therapeutic mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides on LIDHS, and provide the theoretical basis for Sophora alopecuroides in clinical practice.

An analysis of related factors for maternal mortality rate at county level / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Data collected during a period of six years in implementation of the Health VI Project sponsored by the World Bank were used to analyze maternal mortality rates (MMR) at county level and its related factors, so as to decrease MMR further.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Routine data on maternal deaths, as well as its related economic, social and cultural factors, during 1995 to 2000 were collected at county level, and univariate analysis was conducted for them.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Average MMR reduced remakably by 51.33% from 159.74/100 000 in 1995 to 77.75/100 000 in 2000 in the areas with implementation of the Health VI Project. However, there was still a gap in MMR between the Project areas and the nation as a whole. MMR correlated with local topography, economic and cultural levels, traffic and communication, health resource, and quality of obstetric care service.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In order to lower MMR further, it is necessary to increase financial investment for health, to improve health care service establishments, to strengthen health education for pregnant women and to increase their health awareness so as to improve their use of maternal care and health care services, to improve quality of obstetric care service, to strengthen training for health professionals and to improve their knowledge and skills, and to accelerate construction of traffic and communication.</p>